Process for the production of permanent locally goffered effects and products therefrom



PROCESS FOR THE PRODUETION F PERMA- NENT LOCALLY GGEFERED EFFECTS AND PRODUCTS THEREFROM Fritz Vonaesch, Wattwii, Switzerland, assignor to Heberlein Patent Corporation, New York, N; Y., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application December 21-, 1953, Serial No. 399,601

Claims. (CI. 26-69) This invention relates to the production of permanent locally gotfered effects, especially on cotton fabrics; and to products obtained thereby. It is known to produce permanent locally goifered effects on fabrics by means of thermosetting synthetic resins by printing the fabric prior to the goffering with a synthetic resin precondensate according to a predeterminedpattern. Thereupon, the fabric was dried, subiected to'all-over goifering and then the synthetic resin precondensate was hardened in the pattern by heating to an elevated temperature. Finally, the fabric was washed and dried whereby the gofiered eifect on the parts not treatedwith the synthetic resin was removed by the washing process. etfect was produced by impregnating the fabric with a synthetic resin precondensate and inhibiting resin condensation on the desired parts, for instanceby printing same with an alkaline agent.

It also has been proposed to remove the goffered effects from the unprinted portions of fabrics by alkali of shrinkage strength as well as to parchmentize the unprinted portions with sulphuric acid. All of the prior processes, however, either result in leaving evidences of the golferin g in portions intended to be free of golfering, or injuring the printed goifered portionsand otherwise changing the appearance and character of the fabric.

The principal object of the present invention is accordingly to produce a simple, efiicient process for producing suchv effects and to overcome the difficulties mentioned.

The invention accordingly consists of the novel productsas well as the novel processes andsteps ofprocesses according to which such products are manufactured, the specific embodiments of which are. described hereinafter by way of example and inaccordance with which now prefer to practice the invention.

IV have found in accordance with my invention that the permanent locally goffered effects can be satisfactorily produced by printing a local pattern on a cottonfabric with 2. formaldehyde resin precondensate. The fabric so printed with the precondensate is over-all golfcred and the fabric so'printed is condensed so that the resin is thermoset. The fabric so treated is washed to remove some of the golfer from the unprinted portions and is then treated with a goifenremoving agent. This golfer-removing agent removes the remaining goiter in the unprinted portions without affecting the appearance of the fabric. The agents employed are discussed more fully below;

I have found in accordance with my invention that, upon printing a local pattern on a cotton fabric with a formaldehyde resin precondensate and over-allgolfering the printed fabric and condensingithe printed pattern, it is possible to remove the golfer from the unprinted portions without changing the appearance of the fabric unprinted with. the resin. I have. ascertained that some of this goffering eifect can be removed by treatment bywashing with water, but evenif I add soap to this water and apply it at high temperatures; sayup to 70 (2., there still re mains in the portions untreated with the resin remnants of the goffering. For apracti'cal' process it is important Alternatively the 2,777,186 Patented Jan. 15, 1957 2.. th-atthese remnants-be removed. It is knowntthat'all of the golfering can be taken out by the use of caustic soda of mercerizing strength, that is about 28-38 B., but the difficulty with such treatmentislhat it definitely alters the appearance of the fabric. Thus, .if it is done without tension, the fabric .crinkles. If it: is. done withtension, the tension-applied is such that the;golfered-effect.in the resin-printed portions is damaged by pulling'out of shape. On the other hand it is known that all of the goffering can be taken out of the unprintedportions by treatment with a parchmentizing agent such as'sulphuric acid, but the result of treatment with this parchmentizing agent is that the fabric becomes transparent and stifiienedinthe unprinted portions. In addition resins such as are used "ice here are readily attacked by such parchmentizing acid and the printed portions areconsequently damaged.

1 have found, however, in accordance withmy invention that, after condensation of the printedportionsof the fabric and after washingwith water to remove some of the golfering in the unprinted portion, 1 can remove the remainder of the goifering in the unprinted portion by treatment with a golfer-removing agent which not only will remove all traces of the golfered effect in the unprinted portions but will do this. without damage to the goifered effect in the printed portions. Such agents include aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide of 10-22" B. and aqueous solutions of potassium hydroxide of l025 B. These solutions may be employed at room temperatures and above. In additionother agents which may be employed are, but without limitation, solutions of zinc chloride andcalcium thiocyanate. which may be employed in concentrations up to saturation but are employed at room temperature In other words, they are employed under conditions so that theyv do not parchmentize the fabric. 1 find it important to wash out the condensed fabric primarily for two reasons. One, the condensation is usually conducted with a catalyst and it is important that this catalyst be removed prior to treatment with the gaffer-removing agent. Two, it is almost always the case that the goffering roll produces compressed portions in the fabric which the subsequent treatment with the golfer-removing agent described will have difiiculty in removing; With the washing treatment with water these portions are softened up and no trace of them remains after the goifer removing agent has acted. 7

As thermosetting synthetic resin precondensates in connection with the present process we use: condensates of formaldehyde and'urea, thiourea, ethylene urea and homologues of same, urone, acetylene diurea, dicyandiamide, melamine, phenol and phenol derivatives; as well assuitable mixtures of these resin components. They are applied'together with the usual acid or alkaline catal sts.

Also ketone aldehyde precondensates may be used. Furthermore, also suitable. solvent dyestuffs, pigments or compounds forming same, as well as metal powder, if desired, together with. dyestulfs for the purpose of the production of gold, silver, and copper effects, can be added to the synthetic resin precondensate.

As fabrics, cotton fabrics, such as cotton percal-e, cot ton cretonne or cotton print cloth are used. Fabrics predyedinlighter shades and/or color printed can be provided locally with a resin compound containing a color.

pigment if desired. Besides the resin print, also a regular color. print can be executed. If darker shades are desired besides light colored goifered effects, the fabric is preferably dyed afterwards.

The following are examples of the process as I new prefer 'to practice. it. It is-v to be: understood that these examplesare illustrative of the processand the process is nottox be considered as confined thereto except as indicated in the appended claims.

Examples 1. A bleached cotton print fabric is printed in a predetermined pattern with the following printing compound:

Grams Hexamethylol melamine-precondensate 175 Water 200 Concentrated ammonia conc. sp. gr. 0.91 5

Tylose TWA, aqueous solution 65 gr./ litre (methyl cellulose of Kalle & Co. A. G., Wiesbaden-Bieberich, Germany) 500 Ammonium thiocanate-water, 1 part of thiocyanate by weight to 1 part of water Indanthrene scarlet GG, paste (Schultz Index, supplemental volume II, No. 1289a) 100 Then the goods are dried at about40 C. and goifered all over at about 200 C., then washed for a short time and dried without tension. Thereupon, the goods are impregnated on a padding machine with aqueous sodium hydroxide of 20 B. at room temperature, kept for some time. at least 10 seconds up to about 5 minutes, in this condition, then delyed with hot and cold water, framed and finished in the usual manner. One gets a scarlet coloured goi'fered pattern on a smooth, white ground.

2. A cotton percale fabric, predyed light green, is printed in a pattern with the following printing com pound:

Grams Hexamethylol melamine-precondensate 200 Water 195 Carrob bean meal thickener 1000 (25 gr. meal/ litre of water) 540 Ammonia conc. 5

Ammonium chloride-water, 1:1 by weight 10 Lampblack 50 3. A bleached cotton cretonne is printed as indicated in Example 1, dried, goffered all over, condensed, Washed and dried. Then, the goods are impregnated with an aqueous zinc chloride solution (about 600 gr. zinc chloride/litre), kept at room temperature for 2 minutes in this condition, then washed out and framed. Then the fabric is overdyed with a substantive blue dyestufi whereby the goffered parts are reserved. The fabric is finished in the usual way.

In this way one gets scarlet coloured gofiered efl'ects on a blue dyed ground.

4. A bleached cotton print cloth is printed in a multicolour pattern. The printing compound for printing the ground is the same as in Example 1, which produces a print ready for permanent goifering. Instead of Indanthrene scarlet GG paste, the same amount of Indanthrene brilliant green 46 (Schultz Index No. 1269) is employed. For the remaining colours, regular vat print pastes are used. After the printing and drying at about 40 C., the goods are goifered all over at l80-200 C., then they are condensed at 140 C. for 4 minutes, steamed as usual for vat dyestuffs, oxidized, washed, soaped, scoured and dried without tension. Thereupon, the goods are treated as in Example 1 with aqueous sodium hydroxide and finished, whereby one gets a green goffered ground alongside a smooth colour print on a white ground.

5. A bleached cotton percale is printed in a five-colour pattern. Three of these colours, scarlet, pink and blue, are applied to produce a print ready for permanent goffering. For the scarlet colour, a printing compound is used according to Example 1: for the pink and blue colour, respectively, I use similar compositions to those of Example 1, using the same amounts of lndanthrene brilliant pink R paste (Schultz Index No. 1345) and Indanthrene blue GCD (Schultz Index No. 1234). For the remaining two colours regular Orema printing pastes of Ciba A. G. are used. These latter appear in the smooth nongoifered portions. The fabric, after printing, is dried and goifered as in the preceding example.

After the goods are finished according to Example 1, one gets a design with scarlet, pink and blue coloured permanent gotlered parts alongside smooth parts printed in the other two colours.

6. A bleached cotton cretonne fabric is pattern-printed with the following printing compound:

Grams Beckamine P 468 (ketone-formaldehyde-precondensate of the Reichhold Chemical lnc., Detroit,

U. S. A.) 175 Water n Ahcowel G (fatty acid amide condensate of the Arnold Hoffman Co., Providence, Rhode Island,

U. S. A.) 3O Carrob bean meal thickener aqueous (25 gr. meal/ litre of water) 500 Indanthrene gold yellow RK (Schultz Index, sup

plemental volume II, No. 12860) 100 Soda ash 14 Water 81 After printing the goods are dried at about 40 C. and goffered at about 200 C. Thereupon they are condensed for 2 minutes at C., then washed for a short time and dried without tension. Thereupon the goods are impregnated on a padder with a concentrated aqueous solution of calcium thiocyanate (about 700 gin/litre), kept for 5 minutes in this condition at room temperature, thoroughly washed and finished in the usual way.

One gets a yellow goffered pattern on a smooth, white ground.

The expression mild golfer-removing agent is intended to indicate solutions of caustic soda of 10-22 B. and of potash lye of 10-25 B. as well as aqueous solutions of zinc chloride and calcium thiocyanate and equivalent agents which are capable of removing the gofrering without causing shrinkage or parchmentizing of cotton fabrics.

What I claim is:

1. A process for the production of permanent locally goffered effects on a fabric alongside smooth portions thereof which comprises, printing a local pattern on cotton fabric with a formaldehyde resin precondensate, overall goifering the printed fabric, condensing the printed pattern, washing the condensed fabric to remove some of the goifering from the unprinted portion, and then impregnating the goifered goods with a mild goffer-removing agent to remove the remaining golfer in the unprinted portions without otherwise aifecting the appearance thereof.

2. A process according to claim 1, in which the golferremoving agent is a solution of caustic soda of 10-22 B.

3. A process according to claim 1, in which the goiferremoving agent is a dilute solution of potash lye having a strength of 10-25" B6.

4. A process in accordance with claim 1, in which the precondensate applied to the fabric for fixation of the goffered effects contains a coloring substance.

5. A process in accordance with claim 1, in which the synthetic resin is a methylol melamine.

6. A process in accordance with claim 1, in which the resin is a ketone aldehyde precondensate.

7. A cotton fabric treated in accordance with the process of claim 1.

8. A process for the production of permanent locally goffered effects on a fabric alongside smooth portions thereof which comprises, printing a local pattern on cotton fabric with a formaldehyde resin precondensate, overall goifering the printed fabric, condensing the printed pattern, washing the condensed fabric to remove some of the golfering from the unprinted portion, and then impregnating the goffered goods with an aqueous solution of zinc chloride at about room temperature to remove the remaining goffer in the unprinted portions without otherwise affecting the appearance thereof.

9. A process for the production of permanent locally goifered effects on a fabric alongside smooth portions thereof which comprises, printing a local pattern on cotton fabric with a formaldehyde resin precondensate, overall goffering the printed fabric, condensing the printed pattern, washing the condensed fabric to remove some of the golfering from the unprinted portion, and then impregnating the goifered goods with an aqueous solution of calcium thiocyanate at about room temperature References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,103,587 Lantz et al Dec. 28, 1937 2,161,223 Bener June 6, 1939 2,520,699 Sowerby et al Aug. 29, 1950 2,622,994 Lippert et al. Dec. 23, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 592,649 Great Britain Sept. 24, 1947 

1. A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PERMANENT LOCALLY GOFFERED EFFECTS ON A FABRIC ALONGSIDE SMOOTH PORTIONS THEREOF WHICH COMPRISES, PRINTING A LOCAL PATTERN ON COTTON FABRIC WITH A FORMALDEHYDE RESIN PRECONDENSATE, OVERALL GOFFERING THE PRINTED FABRIC, CONDENSING THE PRINTED PATTERN, WASHING THE CONDENSED FABRIC TO REMOVE SOME OF THE GOFFERING FROM THE UNPRINTED PORTION, AND THEN IMPREGNATING THE GOFFERED GOODS WITH A MILD GOFFER-REMOVING AGENT TO REMOVE THE REMAINING GOFFER IN THE UNPRINTED PORTIONS WITHOUT OTHERWISE AFFECTING THE APPEARANCE THEREOF. 